Implementing Separatist Convictions, Part 1
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by Ernest Pickering (1928–2000)
Considerable discussion is taking place today as to why so many younger men raised in the separatist tradition are failing to take a good position and, in some cases, are backing off from the fray. One of the major reasons, it seems to me, is that they are disgusted with the lack of discernment on the part of some separatists who cannot distinguish between what is truly crucial to fellowship and what is not crucial.
It is one thing to embrace Biblical truth concerning separatism. It is quite another to implement it in day-to-day relationships. While a person may possess good convictions, he or she may not be able to clearly discern the right course of action; and separatists do not always agree among themselves as to the proper response to a given problem. So we separatists need to give attention to how we implement what we believe.1
Guidelines for Determining the Extent of Cooperative Fellowship with Other Believers
A few questions are suggested by Scripture that will aid the sincere believer in determining the boundaries of fellowship.
(1) Am I honoring God by my fellowship? “Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye do, do all to the glory of God” (1 Corinthians 10:31). When a believer remains in an apostate denomination, that believer is supporting the Lord’s enemies through his or her money and presence. Is that believer honoring the Lord by “staying in”? In all that we do we must earnestly seek to honor God.
(2) Am I aiding or encouraging someone to continue a walk of disobedience? The Bible clearly teaches that believers are to separate from apostasy. If a great preacher continues to remain within a group largely influenced by apostates and a separatist church has him speak, is this occasion helping or hindering others?
After Paul was converted, he went to Jerusalem, where he received the “right hands of fellowship” from James, Peter, and John (Galatians 2:9). Later, however, when Peter went to Antioch, Paul said he “withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed” (v. 11). Peter had not clearly enunciated that believers are delivered from the Mosaic law, so Paul undertook to correct his Christian brother. In this case, Peter repented of his error, and the purity of the faith was preserved. True fellowship demands confrontation when problems arise.
We can, in the name of brotherly love, employ men who are still in the apostasy. They can speak at our Bible conferences or write for our publications. But when they do, we are really telling them that their fellowship with apostates is not so bad after all. Having them participate with us is not the way to assist them from the path of disobedience.
(3) Will my cooperation with a person or organization give the impression that I condone a lackadaisical attitude toward apostasy and compromise? Did not the writer of Proverbs say, “The fear of the Lord is to hate evil” (Proverbs 8:13)? Is the support of apostasy, its publications, schools, spokesperson, and missions evil? If it is, do I as God’s child truly hate it? Or do I have softer feelings toward it? Believers cannot afford to have lackadaisical attitudes toward false religious systems that the Lord hates. Yet if believers continually fellowship with people who remain in these groups and support them, what are they saying by such actions?
(4) Will others under my leadership or influence be tempted to further compromise or be confused or weakened in their testimony because of my actions? Leaders are to be examples to other believers (1 Timothy 4:12). We must always ask the question, What is my responsibility to others? We cannot live to ourselves. We are responsible for our brothers and sisters as well.
(5) What long-range effects will cooperation have? Bob Jones Sr. often said, “Never sacrifice the permanent on the altar of the immediate.” It is a principle worth pondering and applying. We must consider what effects, good or bad, will accrue from a certain course of action.
Henry Parsons Crowell, a great Christian businessman, pondered the reason for the success of the apostasy within his own denomination and others. His biographer (who, incidentally, spent many weeks in personal conference with Mr. Crowell) gave this analysis of Mr. Crowell’s conclusions regarding the limits of cooperative fellowship:
Mr. Crowell finally realized that all attacks on faith were essentially the same; the discrediting of the Bible as the inerrant and perfect revelation of Truth and the Will of God. That was the Leaven of the Sadducees, whether it was the innuendoes of a maturing mind, or the broadside blasts of an endowed professor.
The integrity of the Bible, he felt, was the issue to be maintained no matter where it led! You can see in his own life just where it led him!
He began his Christian life by holding the Bible as true and authentic history. Then, he began to feel that his belief was a necessary qualification for every gospel worker.
Then he realized the case could be lost if it were not implemented at this point. No general worker should be kept on church pay rolls who did not accept the Bible as true and authentic history. Moreover, no one should be tolerated in high authority who did not accept the Bible as true and authentic history.
To his amazement, he saw that even with these precautions, faith was still losing the battle!
He realized that not only must faith be careful to select workers and leaders who are Bible believers; but these workers and leaders themselves must be intolerant of unbelievers in office! If they were tolerant it could bring defeat just as effectively as if they themselves were infidels. Therefore, faith must not support men in authority who, though they are themselves Bible believers, are tolerant of others in positions of trust and authority who do not so believe.
Mr. Crowell saw that the battle against the Leaven of the Sadducees was being lost in Christendom today by reason of—Tolerance toward believers who were tolerant toward unbelievers.2
Some General Considerations for Separatists
Separatists need to remember certain axioms as they wend their way through the maze of varied situations that they constantly face.
Some issues are complex
Fundamentalists and separatists are accustomed to seeing things in blacks and whites. For them (theoretically at least) there are no grays. From God’s viewpoint that is true. Our problem is that we cannot always tell immediately what is the right or wrong course of action in a given situation. Not everything is always crystal clear. Some separatists, quick on the draw and perhaps blessed with more discernment or faster spiritual reflexes than others, come immediately to what they consider the heart of a problem, draw the lines, and expect everyone immediately to step over them. Many factors, however, must be considered in approaching a problem. Some believers may still be weighing those factors and trying to determine the mind of God, while others have already “passed over Jordan.” Sometimes we give the impression that there are pat, easily accessible answers for every decision we must make regarding separation. That is not always true. Life is complex, and we must face that fact.
Personalities differ
Some people are by nature scrappers. They are not afraid to confront a situation immediately and take a strong, open stand. Some are by nature pugnacious and rather enjoy a good fight. Others who may possess separatist convictions are by nature more reticent to become involved in open controversy. They will follow separatist convictions when driven to a decision, but they will tend to avoid a confrontation if possible. Many of these differences are reflections of varying personalities. Separatists are people too! There are different kinds of them. In fairness we must recognize and accept that truth and be careful lest we, too, carelessly mark as a compromiser someone who may not approach a problem in the same manner as we do.
Contexts differ
One may see an issue a bit differently than another because of the context in which he or she is operating. We all tend to be influenced by our background and experiences, and we all have different points of reference. A separatist must try to see his brother’s point of view before acting too hastily to turn his back on him. This is especially true if a brother has maintained a consistent separatist testimony through the years but differs with someone else on some isolated question of implementation. We must be careful not to compromise vital convictions, but at the same time we must be big enough to allow another person to differ with us without rejecting that person.
(Read Part 2.)
Notes
1 In addition to the material from the first edition of Biblical Separation, portions of this article are from a later booklet by Ernest Pickering, Should We Ever Separate from Christian Brethren? An Examination of the Issue of So-Called Secondary Separation (Minneapolis: Central Baptist Theological Seminary, n.d.). Two former associates of Pickering have produced works from a similar perspective that discuss the implementation of separatist convictions. See Mark Sidwell, The Dividing Line: Understanding and Applying Biblical Separation (Greenville, SC: Bob Jones University Press, 1998); and Fred Moritz, Be Ye Holy: The Call to Christian Separation (Greenville, SC: Journeyforth Press, 2000). See also the suggestions offered by Douglas McLachlan in “Implementing Authentic Separation,” Reclaiming Authentic Fundamentalism (Independence, MO: American Association of Christian Schools, 1993), 114–142.
2 Richard Ellsworth Day, A Christian in Big Business (Chicago: Moody, 1946), 268–69.
Ernest Pickering (1928–2000) was a noted leader in American fundamentalism, having ministered as a pastor, seminary president, and leader in missionary organizations. He earned a ThD from Dallas Theological Seminary and was a 40-year member of the Evangelical Theological Society. This article is an excerpt from his book Biblical Separation: The Struggle for a Pure Church, published by Regular Baptist Press. This book, along with his pamphlets, articles, and additional books, have widely influenced the fundamentalist and evangelical movements.
Republished with permission from Baptist Bulletin © Regular Baptist Press. All rights reserved.
- 23 views
But actual separating? There would first have to be a real connection to sever.
I was part of one of those ministries that loudly and regularly proclaimed their separation from people and organizations with whom they had no connection at all.
"Some things are of that nature as to make one's fancy chuckle, while his heart doth ache." John Bunyan
I remember a pastor friend of mine acknowledging that Bob Jones was wrong about the JMac blood issue. “But,” he said, “I’m still separating from him!” I asked, “Why do you need to separate from him if he doesn’t know you even exist, and you’ll never meet him?”
Tyler is a pastor in Olympia, WA and works in State government.
About all I can say to that is that you would probably benefit from reading Pickering’s entire book. You can get a copy here. Fred Moritz’s book is also helpful to anyone who is interested in thinking the topic through.
Views expressed are always my own and not my employer's, my church's, my family's, my neighbors', or my pets'. The house plants have authorized me to speak for them, however, and they always agree with me.
If the Fundamentals are covered how a man or women whorship our Lord is between them and God.
How did we conclude that how we worship is not a fundamental? Are you arguing that people are allowed to worship however they choose? Has God said nothing about that?
[Larry]If the Fundamentals are covered how a man or women whorship our Lord is between them and God.
How did we conclude that how we worship is not a fundamental? Are you arguing that people are allowed to worship however they choose? Has God said nothing about that?
Well, what do the Fundamentals state about the proper modes for praising God? Or the Apostle’s Creed, or the Trinity, or the Solas? They seem pretty quiet, hence the proper modes for praise do not seem to be a fundamental.
At this point, the claim is made that certain genre and instrumentation are sinful or unwise. Even if I were to concede their points—I don’t, but for the sake of argument let’s assume I do—what we would have is a sin or wisdom issue, not a fundamental. And as Joe notes, that would seem to have something to do with whether we should, or should not, be separating on that basis.
Aspiring to be a stick in the mud.
There has never been a definitive list of “the fundamentals.” The reason is that various beliefs have always been assumed, depending on who you were talking to. For example, none of the lists of “the fundamentals” I’ve seen list “God exists.”
So, to the degree we’re talking about art forms, no, it hasn’t been a fundamental of the faith. But the idea that we can’t worship just any way we please… this has been clear in Scripture ever since God rejected Cain’s sacrifice. It is a fundamental of the faith that God must be worshiped as He commands.
Views expressed are always my own and not my employer's, my church's, my family's, my neighbors', or my pets'. The house plants have authorized me to speak for them, however, and they always agree with me.
So, to the degree we’re talking about art forms, no, it hasn’t been a fundamental of the faith. But the idea that we can’t worship just any way we please… this has been clear in Scripture ever since God rejected Cain’s sacrifice. It is a fundamental of the faith that God must be worshiped as He commands.
But that’s the whole point, isn’t it? Does God command that we worship him via a specific methodology (instruments vs. praise bands) in the NT? Much has been made about ‘cultural fundamentalism’ vs ‘
While many have tried to make that case, on this site and elsewhere, I’m still unconvinced that the Bible gives us a pattern to follow other than singing and making music. I see several NT passages that talk about the spirit and having the right attitude when you worship God, but nothing about ‘thou shalt surely worship the Lord with a bass guitar and cymbals’ or something along those lines. Maybe that’s just me, but it is exactly why I take those threads so seriously. If you elevate the use of CCM to a fundamental, then you’re going to need to disfellowship people over it and say that they are not in the Kingdom of God. Full stop.
I don’t have enough Biblical warrant to do that. People may say that I’m crazy, but that is exactly the end-result. Someone who denies a fundamental is not a Christian. Period. The End.
Secondly, if we define ‘fundamentals of the faith’ as things that must exist for there to be Christianity (which is always how I’ve thought of fundamental issues), then it seems to me that making worship a fundamental either elevates a specific methodology to a core issue of the faith - as in, you cannot be a Christian if you listen to CCM - or it denigrates the truly fundamental issues (inerrancy /infallibility of Scripture, trinity, virgin birth, substitutionary atonement, person and work of Christ, etc etc) to lesser value by adding worship style to the mix. I’m not prepared to do that either.
"Our task today is to tell people — who no longer know what sin is...no longer see themselves as sinners, and no longer have room for these categories — that Christ died for sins of which they do not think they’re guilty." - David Wells
But that’s the whole point, isn’t it? Does God command that we worship him
via a specific methodology (instruments vs. praise bands) in the NT? Much
has been made about ‘cultural fundamentalism’ vs ‘fundamentalism’
on SharperIron, and I’ll admit that I am at odds with many of our
fundamentalist friends on this particular topic. So while, I suppose, you
can say that ‘it is a fundamental of the faith that God must be worshipped as
he commands’, that still begs the question of ‘what is the worship that God
accepts’?
The answer to that is the same as many other much-debated question: each believer—especially those in leadership, who have to make decisions that will influence or bind many to some degree—has to weigh the evidence and the arguments and arrive at a position he believes to be most pleasing to and glorifying of God. … and we have to do that with an a priori yieldedness, a willingness to do the unpopular, unappreciated, misunderstood, and mocked.
On that particular topic it’s pretty obvious that are extremes almost everyone would reject. That alone is proof positive that the issue isn’t amoral or completely up to the whims of individuals and congregations. We instinctively know that it matters, though many try to claim otherwise.
(I’m personally not aware of anyone saying that lovers of CCM are “not in the kingdom of God.” But if people are saying that, they don’t deserve to be taken seriously.)
Views expressed are always my own and not my employer's, my church's, my family's, my neighbors', or my pets'. The house plants have authorized me to speak for them, however, and they always agree with me.
We can concede the notion that there is no definitive list, however, without abandoning the original premiss of the Fundamentals; that there are a number of doctrines which are so important that if one denies that doctrine, one can safely assume that person is not in Christ.
Given that the current status of the “traditional music” argument is stuck in the mode of “can we define it as sin or unwise without resorting to guilt by association fallacies?” (answer: no), I think it’s safe to assume that it’s not a “fundamental” in any coherent sense of the word, except for the category Jim Peet notes; “everythingism”. And when everything is a fundamental, nothing is.
(and again, I detest most CCM because it is lyrically and musically deficient IMO. I just don’t want to bar the door to modern genre based on logical fallacies)
Aspiring to be a stick in the mud.
(I’m personally not aware of anyone saying that lovers of CCM are “not in the kingdom of God.” But if people are saying that, they don’t deserve to be taken seriously.)
This is a good point and may have helped me clarify my thinking. So here’s my logic:
- CCM (however defined and utilized, which is an entirely different discussion I don’t want to get into) is such a threat to the people of God / church that “we” (whoever we are) will separate over it.
- Truly biblical separation is only warranted for sin issues, not matters of personal preference or polity. But maybe I’m thinking too much of Matthew 18 and not enough about 1 Peter 1:15?
- Therefore, people who listen to CCM or who bring it into the church (a la “the Convergents” from that Frontline article however long ago) pose such a threat to the body of Christ that we must separate from them and treat them as ‘not in the church’ per Matthew 18.
Maybe that’s sloppy thinking on my part, but it certainly seems to be the dynamic that is commonly taught and defended.
"Our task today is to tell people — who no longer know what sin is...no longer see themselves as sinners, and no longer have room for these categories — that Christ died for sins of which they do not think they’re guilty." - David Wells
[Jay](I’m personally not aware of anyone saying that lovers of CCM are “not in the kingdom of God.” But if people are saying that, they don’t deserve to be taken seriously.)
This is a good point and may have helped me clarify my thinking. So here’s my logic:
- CCM (however defined and utilized, which is an entirely different discussion I don’t want to get into) is such a threat to the people of God / church that “we” (whoever we are) will separate over it.
- Truly biblical separation is only warranted for sin issues, not matters of personal preference or polity. But maybe I’m thinking too much of Matthew 18 and not enough about 1 Peter 1:15?
- Therefore, people who listen to CCM or who bring it into the church (a la “the Convergents” from that Frontline article however long ago) pose such a threat to the body of Christ that we must separate from them and treat them as ‘not in the church’ per Matthew 18.
Maybe that’s sloppy thinking on my part, but it certainly seems to be the dynamic that is commonly taught and defended.
Help me if my logic is wrong. However, it seems to me that if you accept these two premises, you have to accept the conclusion:
1) CCM is wrong (ie sin).
2) A person that continues in sin is not saved.
Conclusion: People that continue to listen to CCM are not saved.
Am I missing something? If not perhaps that is why some feel the need to separate from those that accept CCM.
There are at least three factors that should prevent using that passage that way:
- Nobody can determine how long = “continuing” in that sense.
- Not all sins are equally serious. This assertion is somewhat controversial, but shouldn’t be. All sin matters, but all sins are not equally weighty.
- The passage almost certainly assumes that the sinning person knows he/she is sinning. It’s not about matters of conscience believers see differently. See Rom 14.
Item 1 raises the question, what’s the point of the passage then? A good question. It must be answered in the light of other passages, including Rom.14.
As for those who believe use of “CCM” (whatever exactly that is now) is a sin, it isn’t necessary to infer that they believe those who use it are unbelievers, if they haven’t said that’s their conclusion.
There are practical reasons to refrain from ministry cooperation of certain types among ministries that have differing positions on musical appropriateness. That’s really not “separation.”
Views expressed are always my own and not my employer's, my church's, my family's, my neighbors', or my pets'. The house plants have authorized me to speak for them, however, and they always agree with me.
Help me if my logic is wrong. However, it seems to me that if you accept these two premises, you have to accept the conclusion:
1) CCM is wrong (ie sin).
2) A person that continues in sin is not saved.Conclusion: People that continue to listen to CCM are not saved.
Hey Greg -
Good questions. I actually agree with you that the use of CCM is not a sin or wrong (again, depending on how you define and use it). I also agree with Bert’s statement “I detest most CCM because it is lyrically and musically deficient IMO”, because it really is that way.
For the second point, Matthew 18:17 would indicate that a believer who continually persists in their “sin” is not saved and should not be treated as believers.
Finally, there are more than a few people that I could name and who I do respect that have said that the use of CCM is a separation issue for them and their church, and that they would limit fellowship and co-working with other organizations on the basis of its’ presence or use. So my point to them has always been - so then this is a sin issue. And their typical response is “no, it’s not that serious to warrant disfellowship”. You can read the SharperIron archives to see it plain as day.
So what is it? Either it’s serious enough to label as a sin and separate or it’s not. But don’t claim it’s both. This is why all the discussions about cultural fundamentalism are so important.
"Our task today is to tell people — who no longer know what sin is...no longer see themselves as sinners, and no longer have room for these categories — that Christ died for sins of which they do not think they’re guilty." - David Wells
Well, what do the Fundamentals state about the proper modes for praising God? Or the Apostle’s Creed, or the Trinity, or the Solas? They seem pretty quiet, hence the proper modes for praise do not seem to be a fundamental.
You’re big on what you call “the first fundamental” and yet here don’t even appeal to the Scripture here. Odd, isn’t it? Has it occurred to you that perhaps the whole idea of “fundamentals” as a list of really important doctrines to define fellowship over is not actually supported by the Bible? That’s not to say it isn’t useful in some contexts, but it seems to me that if the Bible teaches something, it is to be obeyed, no matter what it has been called or how important one deems it to be. Perhaps the standard is not whether something is “fundamental” but whether something is clear. So it goes back to the biblical basis for declaring worship to be flexible. It is the second commandment and then built up in many other passages.
However, God killed people for worshipping him wrongly. Not sure whether that makes it a fundamental, but if you’re dead, does it really matter what it was labeled?
It’s always going to be a bit fuzzy at the borders, but a “list of fundamentals” of some sort is essential to any viable separatism. Without it, either separation doesn’t occur when it should, or it occurs when it should not. In the beginning of the movement, though there wasn’t a single agreed upon list, there was substantial unity around a set of core beliefs that were under attack. This allowed “fundamentalism” and separatism to cohere enough to attempt to regain control, then, failing that, separate.
But over time as consensus around criteria for separation faded, separatism atomized…. precisely because of lack of something pretty close to a list.
But there are two different things we’re in danger of conflating here:
- Ability to take a firm stand on what we believe to be obedience to Scripture
- Need to sever all ties from a ministry/leader, declare him “the enemy,” and devote significant amounts of energy to denouncing that ministry/leader
There’s a space the size of the Milky Way between those two, but it’s amazing how often nobody seemed able to see it, back in the day.
Our present situation is better, though more complex, maybe even chaotic. It’s better to be messy than to march in lock step over a cliff.
Views expressed are always my own and not my employer's, my church's, my family's, my neighbors', or my pets'. The house plants have authorized me to speak for them, however, and they always agree with me.
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